|
The following events occurred in August 1914: ==August 1, 1914 (Friday)== * The German Empire declared war on the Russian Empire, following Russia's full military mobilization in support of Serbia. The declaration of war was also required for Germany to begin mobilization. * Italy declared itself neutral at the start of the war despite being part of the Triple Alliance, citing it was a defensive nature and Austria-Hungary's aggression did not obligate the country to take part. * Germany accepted an offer from Great Britain to guarantee France's neutrality. However, Germany's plan to invade Luxembourg and Belgium forced France to mobilize.〔Fromkin, 2004, p. 237〕 * A secret treaty between the Ottoman Empire and Germany secured Ottoman neutrality. * The New York Stock Exchange closed due to war in Europe, where nearly all stock exchanges were already closed. * Pursuit of ''Goeben'' and ''Breslau'' – Commander of the British Mediterranean Fleet, Admiral Sir Archibald Berkeley Milne, assembled his force at Malta, and on the following day received instructions to shadow the German battlecruiser . With the German ship already sighted, Milne ordered two British battleships to form a blockade at Gibraltar should the German ships try to escape into the Atlantic Ocean. * Swiss National Park (''Parc Naziunal Svizzer'') was established in the Engadin region of Switzerland. * Marcus Garvey founded the Universal Negro Improvement Association in Jamaica.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.theunia-acl.com/index.php/unia-timeline )〕 * Eleven players from the Russian Empire, who participated in the interrupted Mannheim 1914 chess tournament, were interned in Rastatt, Germany when war began. Four of the players were freed and allowed to return home via Switzerland in September, while two more were released in subsequent years. * The first issue of the weekly ''The Illustrated War News'' was published.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=''The Illustrated War News'' Volume 1 )〕 * The Charlie Chaplin comedy ''The Property Man'' became the first film to have a continuity error, in which case Charlie Chaplin's character was seen losing a hat while carrying a trunk through a door on one side, only to have it reappear on the other side.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0004499/ )〕 * Born: Hughie Edwards, Australian Royal Air Force pilot during World War Two, recipient of the Victoria Cross, 23rd Governor of Western Australia, in Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia (d. 1982); Edd Cartier, American illustrator, did interiors for pulp magazines including ''Astounding Science Fiction'', ''Doc Savage Magazine'' and ''Unknown'', in North Bergen, New Jersey (d. 2008); Mervin King, American law enforcer, captain of the Los Angeles Police Department during the SLA shootout in 1974, in San Francisco (d. 2008) * Died: Gid Gardner, American baseball player, played for eight different teams in three different leagues from 1879 to 1888 (b. 1859) 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「August 1914」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|